Linux硬盘扩容与Docker数据迁移
简介
云服务器磁盘买小了，后来使用Docker的时候，发现磁盘空间不够用了，又买了一个200G的数据盘。为了不影响原来项目的使用，把新的数据盘分成了两个分区，一个用于Docker的数据，一个用于数据备份。
查看磁盘信息
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
xvda 202:0 0 250G 0 disk
├─xvda1 202:1 0 49.9G 0 part /
├─xvda2 202:2 0 200G 0 part /data
├─xvda14 202:14 0 4M 0 part
└─xvda15 202:15 0 106M 0 part /boot/efi
卸载分区
umount /data
删除分区
fdisk /dev/xvda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
partitions on this disk.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/xvda: 250 GiB, 268435456000 bytes, 524288000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: B28BC60D-C864-49DB-A9FF-7B6FF9BCC625
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/xvda1 227328 104857566 104630239 49.9G Linux filesystem
/dev/xvda2 104857600 524287966 419430367 200G Linux filesystem
/dev/xvda14 2048 10239 8192 4M BIOS boot
/dev/xvda15 10240 227327 217088 106M EFI System
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1,2,14,15, default 15): 2
Partition 2 has been deleted.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
创建新分区
fdisk /dev/xvda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
partitions on this disk.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/xvda: 250 GiB, 268435456000 bytes, 524288000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: B28BC60D-C864-49DB-A9FF-7B6FF9BCC625
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/xvda1 227328 104857566 104630239 49.9G Linux filesystem
/dev/xvda14 2048 10239 8192 4M BIOS boot
/dev/xvda15 10240 227327 217088 106M EFI System
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (2-13,16-128, default 2):
First sector (104857567-524287966, default 104857600): +100G
Value out of range.
First sector (104857567-524287966, default 104857600):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (104857600-524287966, default 524287966): +100G
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 100 GiB.
Partition #2 contains a ext4 signature.
Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: Y
The signature will be removed by a write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (3-13,16-128, default 3):
First sector (314572800-524287966, default 314572800):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (314572800-524287966, default 524287966):
Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 100 GiB.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
查看新分区
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
xvda 202:0 0 250G 0 disk
├─xvda1 202:1 0 49.9G 0 part /
├─xvda2 202:2 0 100G 0 part
├─xvda3 202:3 0 100G 0 part
├─xvda14 202:14 0 4M 0 part
└─xvda15 202:15 0 106M 0 part /boot/efi
格式化新分区
mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvda2
mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvda3
挂载新分区
mkdir /data
mkdir /backup
mount /dev/xvda2 /data
mount /dev/xvda3 /backup
/var/lib/docker 目录迁移
systemctl stop docker
mv /var/lib/docker /data
更新 /etc/fstab
vi /etc/fstab
获取新分区的UUID
blkid
UUID=xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx /data ext4 defaults 0 2
UUID=xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx /backup ext4 defaults 0 2
重启服务器
reboot
完成
调整完成后，查看磁盘信息
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
xvda 202:0 0 250G 0 disk
├─xvda1 202:1 0 49.9G 0 part /
├─xvda2 202:2 0 100G 0 part /var/lib/docker
├─xvda3 202:3 0 100G 0 part /backup
├─xvda14 202:14 0 4M 0 part
└─xvda15 202:15 0 106M 0 part /boot/efi